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甜甜米

實驗室主持人: 中研院分生所 余淑美教授

主要研究者:江志明

目的: 轉殖水稻(台農67號)中表現耐熱性澱粉普魯南醣酶基因（amylopullulanase，APU）- 兼具 amylase及pullunanase活性，高溫處理後可將水稻種子的澱粉分解為糖類和高蛋白，以方便工業之應用。

基因構築: 農桿菌轉殖用載體 – pSMY1

         普魯南醣酶基因之表現 –rice glutelinB-1 or alpha-amylase8 promoter / APU / Nos terminator

篩選基因之表現 – 35S promoter/ HPT(抗hygromycin)/ tml terminator

　

其他資訊

　

中研院發表基因改造「甜甜米」

　

美國植物生物學學會於夏威夷舉行年會，7/30我國中央研究院余淑美、江志明及蕭介夫等發表基因改造「甜甜米」研究成果。「甜甜米」含有耐熱細菌澱粉水解酵素轉殖基因，可在高溫分解澱粉提高米飯甜度，「甜甜米」之蛋白質含量並顯著增加。

　

　

　

ENHANCED NUTRITION COULD RESULT FROM RICE RESEARCH LEADING TO HIGH-PROTEIN FLOUR

　

July 30, 2003

　

American Society of Plant Biologists

 

  Expression of a thermostable amylopullulanase in transgenic rice seeds leads to starch autohydrolysis and production of high-protein flour Expression of a thermostable amylopullulanase in transgenic rice seeds leads to starch autohydrolysis and production of high-protein flour. A similar approach could be applied to other cereals, such as corn.

Rice seeds contain abundant starch and high quality protein and are commonly used in food and beverage industries. Generally, rice seeds contain 6-10% (w/w) protein and 70-80% (w/w) starch. Separation of protein and starchallows for the processing of high-protein rice flour and starch hydrolysates into different products.

  

     To simplify the production process and improve the cost effectiveness and efficiency of starch bioprocessing, scientists Su-May Yu, Chih-Ming Chiang,and Jei-Fu Shaw, all of Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, highly expressed a thermotolerant and bi-functional starch hydrolase, amylopullulanase (APU),in transgenic rice seeds.Transgenic rice seeds were heated at high temperatures. Starch in transgenic seeds was hydrolyzed rapidly at these temperatures, and the concentration of

soluble sugars increased significantly with incubation time. There is a correlation between APU activities and the starch-to-sugars conversion rates. The more APU present in seeds, the faster the rate of starch hydrolysis to sugars.

　

    Yu and colleagues generated novel APU-transgenic rice seeds. The unique feature of heat-activated rapid autodrolysis of starch in these seeds could not only eliminate the need for the addition of commercial enzymes, but also improves the efficiency of starch bioprocessing. These seeds can be processed to simultaneously produce high-protein rice flour and sugar syrups for human consumption and broad industrial uses. A similar approach could also be applied to other cereals, e.g., maize, which might offer even less production cost than rice.

 

   Results of this research will be presented in a minisymposium 10:10 a.m. to 11:50 a.m. Hawaii Time Wednesday, July 30, 2003 at the American Society of Plant Biologists (ASPB) annual meeting in the Hawaii Convention Center, Honolulu, Hawaii. Presenter Su-May Yu and fellow author Chih-Ming Chang are members of ASPB. Founded in 1924, ASPB represents nearly 6,000 plant scientists. ASPB publishes two of the most widely cited plant science journals: Plant Physiology and The Plant Cell.

　

                                                                                                                                                                                   from http://www.aspb.org/